Membrane Filter Elements
Status: 06/2001/01 Operating Manual 21
Reading the graphs
The graph at the left illustrates the
system for calculating the closing force
for the filter element type KMZ 470 PP
(Example 1).
To calculate the closing force, proceed
in the following order:
1. Draw a horizontal line from the
operating temperature to the curve
of the temperature-dependent
operating pressure.
2. Draw a vertical line downwards and
read off the maximum permissible
operating pressure (here equal to
the squeezing pressure) on the X-
axis.
3. Now draw a vertical line upwards to
intersect with the two straight lines
F
min
and F
max
.
4. Now read off the required closing
force F
min
from the horizontal line.
5. Read off the maximum permissible
closing force F
max
at the horizontal
line in a similar manner.
Note
• The accuracy with which the graphs are read may result in deviations from the
calculated values. Therefore, use the graph reading only as an initial approximation
of the closing forces.
• The actual operating pressure may be lower than the maximum permissible
operating temperatures for the filter elements. This may be due to various reasons,
e.g.:
- existing equipment
- product-specific necessities
Please see Example 2.
Operating pressure: p
Closing force: F (kN)
Operating temperature: T
5
4
1
2
3
