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Chapter 8—Measurements and calculations PowerLogic™ PM5100 series user guide
Power factor min/max convention
The meter uses the following convention for power factor minimums and maximums:
• For negative PF readings, the minimum PF value is the measurement closest to -0
for PF readings between -0 to -1. For positive PF readings, the minimum PF value is
the measurement closest to +1 for PF readings between +1 to +0.
• For negative PF readings, the maximum PF value is the measurement closest to -1
for PF readings between -0 to -1. For positive PF readings, the maximum PF value
is the measurement closest to +0 for PF readings between +1 to +0.
Power factor sign convention
You can set the power factor sign (PF sign) convention by changing the HMI mode to
either IEC or IEEE.
IEC mode
In IEC mode, the PF sign follows the direction of power flow. PF sign is positive (+) for
positive (normal) power flow. PF sign is negative (-) for negative (reverse) power flow.
Power factor minimum and maximum
1.0
-0.4
.4
.6
.8
-0.6
-0.8
+0
.2
-0
-0.2
-1.0
Maximum PF [ + ]
Negative PF values
[ - ]
Minimum PF [ - ]
Positive PF values
[ + ]
Power factor sign convention
Real
Power
In
watts negative (–)
vars positive (+)
power factor (–)
watts positive (+)
vars positive (+)
power factor (+)
watts negative (–)
vars negative (–)
power factor (–)
watts positive (+)
vars negative (–)
power factor (+)
Reverse
Power Flow
Normal
Power Flow
Reactive
Power In
Quadrant
2
Quadrant
1
Quadrant
3
Quadrant
4
IEC mode
Real
Power
In
watts negative (–)
vars positive (+)
power factor (+)
watts positive (+)
vars positive (+)
power factor (–)
watts negative (–)
vars negative (–)
power factor (–)
watts positive (+)
vars negative (–)
power factor (+)
Reverse
Power Flow
Normal
Power Flow
Reactive
Power In
Quadrant
2
Quadrant
1
Quadrant
3
Quadrant
4
IEEE mode