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4. SLANT MODE
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4.22.3 Sea surface reflections
As ultrasonic pulses at both edges of the 180° sector beam are always emitted
horizontally along the sea surface regardless of the tilt angle setting, sea surface
reflections appear as a thick line extending across the own ship mark. When the
sonar is used with a narrow tilt angle, the sea surface reflections cover an
extended area as illustrated below.
4.22.4 Wake
A wake produced by own ship or another ship can be a strong reflecting object
when a narrow tilt angle is used. As the wake appears as a thick continuous line,
it can be easily distinguished from a fish school. A wake contains many air
bubbles which attenuate ultrasonic energy, making it difficult to sound beyond
the wake.