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Table of Contents
8-1 INTRODUCTION ...................................8-3
8-2 TRANSMISSION AND REFLECTION ........................8-3
8-3 LOW LEVEL AND GAIN ..............................8-12
8-4 GROUP DELAY ...................................8-20
8-5 ACTIVE DEVICE ..................................8-24
8-6 MULTIPLE SOURCE CONTROL ..........................8-29
Control Formula ..................................8-29
8-7 ADAPTER REMOVAL ................................8-34
8-8 GAIN COMPRESSION................................8-39
Power and VNAs ..................................8-39
Swept Power Gain Compression .........................8-41
Swept Frequency Gain Compression .......................8-41
8-9 RECEIVER MODE ..................................8-58
Source Lock Mode .................................8-58
Tracking Mode ...................................8-58
Set-on Mode ....................................8-58
Receiver Mode Block Diagram ..........................8-59
Receiver Mode Menus ...............................8-59
Procedure, Receiver Mode Operation .......................8-59
8-10 EMBEDDING/ DE-EMBEDDING ..........................8-62
Embedding .....................................8-63
De-embedding ...................................8-64
8-11 OPTICAL APPLICATION ..............................8-65
E/O Measurements ................................8-65
O/E Measurements ................................8-68
Creating a Characterization (*.S2P) File for E/O and O/E Measurements . . . 8-74
Chapter 8
Measurements