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8-11 OPTICAL
APPLICATION
Optical applications are divided into two measurement categories,
electro-optical (E/O) and opto-electrical (O/E).
E/O measurements can be performed with the 372xxE/373xxE series
VNAs using the built-in E/O measurement application. On-screen
menu-driven procedures guide you through the set-up and calibration
required for E/O measurements of optical modulators such as band
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width, flatness, and group delay.
O/E measurements of a photo-diode or photo-receiver can be per
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formed with the 372xxE/373xxE series VNAs by using the built-in O/E
measurement application. On-screen-menu-driven procedures guide
you through the set-up and calibration required for O/E measurements
such as bandwidth, flatness, and group delay.
E/O Measurements Optical modulators modulate digital data signals over a light wave
carrier and send it over fiber optic networks. Since a VNA is only capa
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ble of generating and measuring electrical signals, a laser source is re-
quired to provide optical input to the modulator DUT and a photo-di-
ode/photo-receiver is required to convert the modulator output back to
an electrical signal that can be measured by the VNA. The MN4765A
(65 GHz characterized photo-diode) is used with the following proce-
dure. The equipment set up for an E/O measurement is shown in Fig-
ure 8-33, below.
The E/O measurement application de-embeds the response of the
photo-diode/photo-receiver transfer standard from a 12-term calibra
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tion to enable measurements of a modulator DUT.
37xxxE OM 8-65
MEASUREMENTS OPTICAL APPLICATION
.
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Measurement
Enhancement
Channels
Display
Laser
Source
Modulator Photo-diode
37xxxE
RF In
Port 1 Port 2
RF Out
Fiber
Fiber
Figure 8-33. E/O Measurement Setup